|
The Durruti Column (Spanish: ''Columna Durruti''), with about 6000 people, was the largest anarchist column (or military unit) formed during the Spanish Civil War.〔Antony Beevor ''Walka o Hiszpanię 1936-1939. Pierwsze starcie totalitaryzmów'', original title ''The Battle for Spain. The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939'', Kraków 2009, page 186〕 During the first months of the war, it became the most recognized and popular military organisation fighting against Franco, and it is a symbol of the Spanish anarchist movement and its struggle to create an egalitarian society based on collectivism and individualism. The column included people from all over the world. Philosopher Simone Weil fought alongside Buenaventura Durruti in the Durruti Column, and her memories and experiences from the war can be found in her book, ''Écrits historiques et politiques''. The Durruti Column was militarised in 1937, becoming part of the 26th Division on 28 April. ==Formation== The column was formed in Barcelona where, on 18 July 1936, the anarchists started fighting against General Goded and his armies. The republican government had done nothing to protect the city from the rebelled army under the command of General Franco; Barcelona was left undefended. Fearing attack, the anarchist and communist organisations such as CNT-FAI along with Unión General de Trabajadores (UGT), the Workers' Party of Marxist Unification ("Partit Obrer d'Unificació Marxista", POUM) and the Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia ("Partit Socialista Unificat de Catalunya", PSUC) organised themselves into militia units and took weapons from the arsenals with the support of the people responsible for the arsenals, mostly non-commissioned officers. The anarchists, under the command of Buenaventura Durruti, one of the most popular leaders of Federación Anarquista Ibérica attacked the Atarazanas/Drassanes barracks.〔Antony Beevor ''Walka o Hiszpanię 1936-1939. Pierwsze starcie totalitaryzmów'', original title ''The Battle for Spain. The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939'', Kraków 2009, pages 113-115〕 Later on, the headquarters of the Durruti Column were attacked at Bujaraloz, half way between Barcelona and Madrid. Several centuries contained foreigners: * la centurie Sébastien Faure, composed of French and Italians, include Saïl Mohamed, Jean Mayol, Marcel Montagut, Simone Weil and George Sossenko; * la centurie Sacco and Vanzetti, composed of Americans; * la centurie Erich Mühsam, composed of Germans. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Durruti Column」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|